• Efficient brain doping (!)
• Nootropic psychostimulant
• Improves cognitive functions
• Perfect for improving learning
• Clinically tested in terms of safety
• Recommended for students and white-collar workers
• Increases the level of acetylcholine
• Upregulates dopamine receptors
• Boosts motivation and energy
• Improves concentration and sharpness of the mind

Jarrow Formulas Citicoline CDP-Choline is a dietary supplement with an efficient nootropic and psychostimulant - citicoline in the stable form "Cognizin".

Citicoline / CDP-choline (cytidine diphosphate-choline) - a naturally occurring, endogenic precursor of phosphatidylcholine - the main component of phospholipids in cell membranes. After entering the organism, it is hydrolysed to cytidine and choline which cross the blood-brain barrier fairly easily and after that, they play a crucial role in the synthesis and regeneration of nerve cell membranes, nucleic acids and many important proteins. Citicoline is also an efficient substrate for acetylcholine synthesis, which makes it very beneficial for cognitive functions and working memory.

How does it work?
Citicoline supplementation protects phospholipids in the brain, inhibits the synthesis of free fatty acids and proinflammatory factors (thus regulating the functioning of the brain), limits the increase of neurological deficits and prevents the occurrence of ischemic damages in nerve cells. CDP-choline also activates neurotransmitters in the brain (it increases the level of noradrenaline and dopamine) and improves metabolism in the brain.

Treatment of neurological disorders
Many clinical studies have confirmed citicoline's efficiency in treating neurological disorders of vascular origin, particularly the consequences of strokes, where proper therapy can prevent phospholipid degradation and the formation of free oxygen radicals. Tests on animals demonstrated that citicoline has the ability to limit the extent of brain damage and cerebral oedema, reduce the area of ischaemia around a haematoma and significantly supports motor and cognitive functions.

Citicoline as a nootropic psychostimulant
CDP-choline exhibits unique properties which are a combination of psychological stimulation and a nootropic effect. It means that, contrary to Alpha-GPC (one of choline forms) which activates the parasympathetic system connected with resting and regeneration, citicoline activates the sympathetic nervous system, thus contributing to mild psychostimulation and boosting energy and strength to undertake physical or intellectual effort.

Moreover, citicoline protects neural membranes, has a beneficial effect in the case of cognitive disorders connected with aging, as well as with Alzheimer's disease.

Citicoline upregulates dopamine receptors
Dopamine is a chemical transmitter in the central nervous system, where it plays an important role in terms of motivation, fulfilling aims and satisfying needs and feeling pleasure, satisfaction and happiness about life. Studies show that CDP-choline prevents the damage of dopaminergic neurons and probably increases dopamine receptor density.

To sum up, Jarrow Formulas Citicoline CDP-Choline is a dietary supplement which allows to increase natural intellectual abilities and brain efficiency, which makes it a particularly beneficial product for students, white-collar workers and sportspeople who need a good reflex, concentration and outstanding motor skills.